Machine for making billets



No. 6l4,622. Patented Nov; 22, I898. E. D. PHILLIPS.

MACHINE FOR MAKING BILLETS.

(Application filed May 21, 1898.)

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet l.

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No. 614,622. 'Patented Nov. 22, 898.

. E. D. PHILLIPS.

MACHINE FOR MAKING BILLETS.

(Application filed May 21, 1898.) (No Model.) 3 ShaetsSheet 2.

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No. 6|4,'622. Patented Nov 22, I898. E. n. PHILLIPS.

MACHINE FOR MAKING BILLETS.

(Applicatinn filed May 21, 1898.)

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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ENOCII DAVID PHILLIPS, OF TOLEDO, OHIO.

MACHINE FOR MAKING BILLETS.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent N0. 614,622, dated November22,1898. Application filed May 21, 1398. Serial No. 681,289. (No model.)

T0 to whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ENocH DAVID PHIL- LIPS, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Toledo, in the county of Lucas and State of Ohio,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for MakingBillets; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being badto the accompanying drawings, and to the figures of reference markedthereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in apparatus or machinesfor rolling or forming billets or bars of metal, and has for its objectto provide a machine of this character of a simple and inexpensivenature adapted to receive the bloom from which the billet is to beformed and to work or form the same into a billet suitable for passingbetween the rolls for rolling into bars or rods.

The invention contemplates certain novel features of the construction,combination, and arrangement of the several parts of the improvedapparatus or machine whereby certain important advantages are attainedand the device is made simpler, cheaper, and 0th erwise better adaptedfor use, all as will be hereinafter fully set forth.

The novel features of the invention will be carefully defined in theclaims.

In order that my improvements may be the better understood, I have shownin the accompanying drawings an apparatus or machine constructedaccording to my invention, in which drawings- Figure 1 is a frontelevation of the machine or apparatus, and Fig. 2 is a side elevation ofthe same. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view of the machine, the hammer andits supporting parts being removed to illustrate the means forsupporting the bloom beneath said hammer. Fig.4 is a vertical sectiontaken through the machine in the plane indicated by the line actin Fig.Fig. 5 is a partial sectional View taken in the plane indicated by theline Z) b in Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a sectional detail View taken in theplane indicated by the line a o in Fig. 4. Fig. '7 is a sectional detailView taken in the plane indicated by the line cl d in Fig. 2. Fig. Sis asectional detail view taken in the plane indicated by the line e e inFig. 3.

In the views, 1 1 indicate two standards spaced apartand serving tosupport a table 2 at the front of the machine or apparatus over whichthe bloom from which the billet is to be formed is placed in theapparatus. Between the standards 1 and back of the table 2 are arrangedrolls or drums 4 and 5, journaled in the standards'and having grooved orcorrugated peripheries. The rolls or dru ms 4 and 5 are mounted onshafts 6 and 7, which are arranged to project at one end beyond thestandard and are provided at their extremities with ratchet-disks 8 and9, arranged in planes at different distances from the ad jacentstandard.

The teeth of the ratchet-disk 8 are adapted to be engaged bya pawl ordog 10, pivoted in a recess at one side of a slide 12, adapted forendwise movement, being supported at one end on the shaft 6 of the rollor drum 4, in contact with which it is held by a plate 13, secured tothe standard 1 and having one end bent down, as shown at 14, to form astop to limit the endwise movement of the slide in one direction. Theslide 12 is guided at its opposite end in a bearing or support 15 and isprovided with an axial socket 16 to receive a spring 17, in which socketprojects a pin 18, held bya yoke 19, carried by arms 20, pro jectingfrom the rear side of the hearing or support on opposite sides of thepin 18. The pin 18 has engagement with the spring 17 in socket 16, sothat when said slide 12is moved rearward the spring is compressed andonthe release of the slide acts to return the same to its forwardposition. (Shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 7.) The slide 12 is provided on itsside adjacent to the standard 1 with another recess, in which is pivoteda dog or pawl 11, adapted to engage the teeth of the ratchetwheel 9 onthe shaft 7 of drum 5, so that when the slide is moved rea rwardly thepawls or dogs 10 and 11 by engagement with the teeth of theratchetwvheels will act to impart a partial rotative movement to thedrums 4 and 5, as will be readily understood, and when the slide isretracted by the spring 17 said pawls or dogs will ridefreely over theteeth of the ratchet wheels.

behind the standards 1 and parallel with the axis of each of the shafts6 and 7, said shaft 23 having at one end tight and loose pulleys 24 overwhich passes a belt 25, adapted to be moved by a shifting-lever 26, soas to enable the shaft to be conveniently thrown into or out ofmovement.

In the operation of the machine or apparatus the bloom from which thebillet is to be formed is placed in the bite of the rolls or drums 4 and5, which serve to support the same, the corrugated surfaces of saidsupporting drums or rolls serving to impart an intermittent rollingmovement to said bloom while the billet is being formed, and in order toprevent the bloom (indicated at 27in Fig. 4) from being carried out ofthe bite of the drums or rolls by the movement of the same I provide atransverse plate 28, extending across the space between the standardsover the drum or roll 5 and serving as a checkwall at the back of theapparatus or machine.

29 indicates a hammer arranged over the bite of the drums or rolls 4 and5 and adapted to act on the bloom, being provided with a rounded orconcave recess 30 in its under side adapted to impart a rounded form tothe billet formed by the machine. The hammer is held on a beam 31,having at its end a cross-head 32, (see Figs. 4 and 6,) pivoted inblocks 33, let into recesses at the upper ends of standards 34 and heldin place by a capplate 35, extending across the top of the standards.The hammer is arranged to act by gravity, being raised by means of cams37 on the shaft 23, which cams engage a lug 36 on the'under side of thebeam 31.

The free end of the beam 31 plays vertically in a guide 38, extendingabove the standards 1 and having at its upper part a cushion device 39to relieve the shock of the hammer 29' when the same is raised, saiddevice comprising a pin playing in an opening in the top of the guide 38and having at its lower part a cross-head playing in guides at the sidesof the guide 38, a spring being coiled on the pin above the crosshead.

Across the upper part of the guide 38 extend spaced bars 40, betweenwhich are pivoted dogs or detents 41, arranged to engage the beam 31 attheir lower ends, as clearly shown in Fig. 5, the upper ends of saiddetents being connected to springs 42, while the lower end of eachdetent is connected to one arm 43 of an elbow-lever mounted on theoutside of the guide 38 and having its other arm 44 coupled by a link 45to an arm 46 on a shaft 47, extending transversely across the front ofthe guide and adapted to be rocked by the operator by means of a handleor arm 48 at one end of the said shaft 47.

To prevent the formation of crop ends 011 the billets, I employ an endhammer 50, carried on a slide 49 and playing through an opening formedin one of the standards 1, opposite the bight of the rolls 4 and 5, inposition to strike upon the end of the billet held under the hammer 29,so as to form a square end on said billet. The slide 49 is larger incross-section than the hammer at its end, so that a shoulder is formedat the end of the slide, as clearly shown in Fig. 8, which shoulderforms a stop to limit the movement of the hammer 50 in striking thebloom, so that said hammer is always held in proper position to beengaged by its operating devices, as will be explained. The slide 49 hasat its outer end a cross-head 51, playing in guides 52, and in saidslide is formed a socket wherein is held a spring 53, engaged by the endof a pin 54, held on the central part of a bar 55, which ties togetherthe guides 52. The slide 49 has on its under side a lug 63, adapted tobe engaged by a cam 64 on a shaft 65, journaled beneath the slide anddriven by bevel-gearing 66 from the shaft 23. The stop formed by theshoulder at the end of the slide 49 insures that the lug 63 will beheldin proper position to be engaged by said cam.

To enable the end hammer 50 to be thrown out of operation when desired,1 em ploy a dog 56, pivoted on one of the guides 52 and pressed by aspring 57 into position to engage the cross-head 51 when the slide 49 ismoved outward, so as to compress the spring 53. The dog is connected bya link 58 with an arm 59 on one end of a shaft 60, which extends alongthe front of the machine or apparatus and has at "its other end anotherarm 61, adapted to be engaged with a catch 62 in such a way as to holdthe dog drawn forward out of position to engage the cross-head.

In operation'the bloom from which the billet is to be formed is firstpassed, by prefer ence, through squeezing-rolls, so as to facilitate itsworkingin the improved machine or apparatus herein described, althoughthis preliminary rolling is not absolutely essential. The bloom is thenplaced in the bite of the supporting rolls ordrums 4 and 5, and saidrolls or drums being set in motion by the manipulation of the lever 26 arolling movement will be imparted to the mass of plastic metal owing tothe corrugated surfaces of the drums or rolls, the plate 28 serving toprevent the bloom from being displaced from the bite of the rolls. Asthe metal cools the hammer 29 is brought into operation to work the massinto a rounded form or billet, this being effected by the OOHCBNQ recessin the hammer in connection with the rolling movement imparted by drumsor rolls 4 and 5. \Vhen raised, the hammer 29 is held out of operationby the automatic engagement of the de tents 41 with the beam 31 untilthe shaft 47 is rocked by means of its handle 48 to release said detentsfrom engagement with the beam, as above described. The end hammer isalso brought into use as the billet nears completion, this hammer beingheld out of operation by means of the dog 50, which engages thecross-head 51, and being released by throwing these'parts out ofengagement by rocking the shaft 60, so as to engage the arm 61 thereofwith the catch 62. \Vhen the end hammer is released, the tension of itsspring 53 will force it inward, so as to strike on the end of the billetand form a square end thereon, the opposite .end of the billet abuttingagainst the opposite flat standard 1. The cam 64 acts to retract thehammer and again place the spring 53 under tension, after which by theslipping of the cam out of engagement with the lug 63 the hammer isreleased and the spring is permitted to act. It Will be seen that by theemployment of an elastic medium, such as the spring for actuating thehammer 50, the instroke of the hammer is permitted to accommodate itselfto billets of different lengths.

From the above description it will be seen that the machine or apparatusconstructed according to my invention is of an extremely simple andinexpensive nature, and is especially Well adapted for use since itpermits of considerable economy in the manufacture of the billets orbars, and it will also be obvious from the above description that theapparatus is capable of some modification without material departurefrom the principles and spirit of the invention, and for this reason Ido not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the precise form andarrangement of the several parts herein set forth.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patcut, is-

1. In an apparatus for forming billets, the combination of a support forthe bloom from which the billet is to be formed, a hammer arranged overthe support and adapted to strike the bloom held thereon, adriving-shaft, means to operate said hammer from said driving-shaft,means for moving the bloom beneath said hammer,another hammer arrangedto strike the end of the billet held on said support beneath thefirst-named hammer, and gearing for operating said last-named hammerfrom said driving-shaft, substantially as set forth.

2. In an apparatus for forming billets, the combination of a support forthe bloom from which the billet is to be formed, a hammer arranged ovcrthe support and adapted to strike the bloom held thereon, means formoving the bloom beneath said hammer, an end hammer arranged to strikethe end of the billet held on said support beneath the first-namedhammer, a spring to actuate said end hammer, and mechanism for placingsaid spring under tension, substantially as set forth.

In an apparatus for forming billets, the combination of a support forthe bloom from which .the billet is to be formed, a hammer arranged overthe support and adapted to strike the bloom held thereon, means foroperating said hammer, meansfor moving the bloom .mechanism, actuatedfrom the operating means of the first-named hammer, for placing saidspring under tension, substantially as set forth.

at. In an apparatus for forming billets, the combination of a supportfor the bloom from which the billet is to be formed, a hammer arrangedover. the support and adapted to strike the bloom held thereon, meansfor moving the bloom beneath said hammer, an end hammer arranged tostrike the end of the billet held on said support beneath the firstnamedhammer, a spring to actuate said end hammer, a shaft mounted to turn,and a cam on said shaft having engagement with said end hammer to movethe same and place said spring under tension, substantially as setforth.

5. In an apparatus for forming billets, the combination of a support forthe bloom, a hammer arranged to strike the bloom, means to move thebloom beneath the hammer, an.

hammer, substantially as set forth.

(3. In an apparatus for forming billets, the combination of a supportfor the bloom from which the billet is to be' formed, a hammer arrangedover the support and adaptedto strike the bloom held thereon, means formoving the bloom beneath said hammer, an end hammer arranged to strikethe end of the billet held on said support, means to automaticallyactuate said end hammer when the same is moved to the end of itsoutstroke, and means adapted for automatic engagement with said endhammer to hold the same out of operation when the end hammer is moved tothe end of its outstroke substantially as set forth.

7. In an apparatus for forming billets, the combination of a support forthe bloom from which the billet is to be formed, a hammer arranged overthe support and adapted to strike the bloom held thereon, means formoving the bloom beneath the hammer, another hammer arranged to strikethe end of the billet held on the support beneath the firstnamed hammer,and a spring for actuating said end hammer when moved to the end of itsoutstroke, and a dog to hold said lastmentioned hammer out of operationwhen moved to the end of its outstroke, substantially as set forth.

8. In an apparatus for forming billets, the combination of a support forthe bloom, a hammer adapted to strike the bloom, means IIO for movingthe bloom beneath said hammer, dog out of operation, substantially asset another hammer arranged to strike the end of forth. 1 o the billetheld on said support beneath said In testimony whereof I al'lix mysignature first-named hammer, a spring for actuating in presence of twoWitnesses.

said end hammer when moved to the end of ENOUI'I DAVID PHILLIPS. itsontstroke, a dog to hold said last-named \Vitnesses: hammer out ofoperation when moved to the R. G. CRAWFORD,

end of its outstroke, and means to hold said A. REIHING.

